IF WE ENDURE: ei hupomenomen (1PPAI):
(Mt19:28,29; Ac 14:22; Ro 8:17; Phil 1:28; 2Th 1:4, 5, 6, 7, 8; 1Pe
4:13, 14, 15, 16)
"If" means "If, as is the case, we are persevering..."
In other words these were persevering. (see
notes on Conditional Clauses)
Endure (5278)
(hupomeno from hupó = under + méno
= abide or remain) means literally to remain under but not simply with
resignation, but with a vibrant hope. Hupomeno was a military
term used of an army’s holding a vital position at all costs. Every
hardship and every suffering was to be endured in order to hold fast,
even as Paul was continually enduring
"all things for the sake of those who are chosen that they also may
obtain the salvation which is in Christ Jesus." (2 Ti 2:12)
The
present tense calls for
continuous enduring. We keep on bearing up under the load
(Mt24:13) in this life. We keep persevering in and under trials
and hold to one’s faith in Christ. True faith always has the quality of
permanence and in this sense all believers continue to endure.
Hiebert explains that one's
continued endurance...
points to this continuing experience
of bravely bearing up under the hardships and afflictions heaped upon
the believer because of his relation to Christ. (Hiebert then adding)
"By contrast, the second pair asserts the solemn warning that denial and
unfaithfulness just as surely separate men from Christ." (D. Edmond
Hiebert: 2 Timothy).
Expositor's Bible Commentary
adds that endure is in the present tense for...
It is only as we keep on enduring to
the end that we will be saved in time of persecution (Mt 10:22; cf.
context.).
(Gaebelein,
F, Editor: Expositor's Bible Commentary 6-Volume New Testament.
Zondervan Publishing or
computer version)
Jesus declared to His disciples in
the context of the difficult events that would accompany the end of the
"age" (believers today still live in the same "age" as His disciples so
the truth applies especially to us as we near the end of this "age"
which precedes 7 years of Daniel's Seventieth Week which in turn
precedes the next "age", the Messianic age when all the promises to
Israel in the OT are literally fulfilled) that
"the one who endures
(hupomeno) to the end, he shall be saved." (Matthew
24:13)
Don't let this verse confuse you.
Jesus is not saying we will "earn" our salvation by our endurance. Endurance does not save
anyone. Only saving faith in Christ saves.
Jesus' point is that the one who is genuine will endure to the end not by gritting
their teeth but because the Spirit of Christ indwells them
and empowers them and will never lose them. If someone turns their back on
Christ after first professing Him, and persists (not a momentary
event like Peter's three denials) in that apostasy, they
demonstrate by their failure to endure to the end that they are not genuinely saved.
The same idea of the so-called "perseverance of the saints" is seen in
numerous other NT passages, especially in the epistle to the Hebrews,
where we read
"Christ was faithful as a Son over His house whose house we are, if we
hold fast our confidence and the boast of our hope firm until the end."
(Hebrew 3:6-note)
"Therefore, do not throw away your confidence, which has a great reward.
36 For you have need of endurance, so that when you have done the will
of God, you may receive what was promised. 37 FOR YET IN A VERY LITTLE
WHILE, HE WHO IS COMING WILL COME, AND WILL NOT DELAY. 38 BUT MY
RIGHTEOUS ONE SHALL LIVE BY FAITH; AND IF HE SHRINKS BACK, (which
would equate with "not endure") MY SOUL HAS
NO PLEASURE IN HIM. 39 But we are not of those who shrink back to
destruction (note the end of those who do not endure is not loss of
rewards at the Judgment Seat of Christ, but loss their life eternally in
the second death - some feel "destruction" should be interpreted as a
"wasted" life but note what the immediate following context refers to
- preserving of the soul, implying that destruction equates with failure
to preserve one's soul, i.e., an unbeliever and not just the wasted life
of a believer), but of those who have faith to the preserving of the soul.
(Hebrews 10:35, 36, 37, 38, 39-note)
The reward of enduring now is not
only that we prove our salvation genuine but that we are also rewarded
with reigning as discussed in the coming Messianic Age and then the New
Heaven and New Earth..
Charles Ryrie writes that
"If
we endure in this life, we shall reign in our glorified
state"
(The
Ryrie Study Bible: New American Standard Translation: 1995. Moody
Publishers
or
Wordsearch)
WE SHALL ALSO REIGN WITH HIM
: kai
sumbasileusomen (1PFAI):
(Re 1:6,9; 5:10; 20:4,6)
Reign with (4821)
(sumbasileuo from
sun = together with +
basileúo = to reign as king) means to be a coregent. Note
that the preposition in this compound (and also in "died with"
and "live with" above) is
sun which conveys
the sense of union with. It speaks of a more intimate association than
does another Greek preposition (meta) which also means
with. In context
sun speaks of our inseparable
identification with Christ.
Paul is referring to the saints as
reigning as kings with the King of kings in the Messianic Kingdom.
Jesus promised that
"he who
overcomes (see
explanation below as to the identity of overcomers) and he who keeps My deeds until the end, TO HIM I WILL GIVE
AUTHORITY OVER THE NATIONS AND HE SHALL RULE THEM WITH A ROD OF IRON, AS
THE VESSELS OF THE POTTER ARE BROKEN TO PIECES, as I also have received
authority from My Father." (Rev
2:26-note,
Rev 2:27-note)
Jesus in another promise to the
overcomers (Jesus gives promises to overcomers in His address to
each of the 7 churches of Revelation 2-3) at the church in Laodicea says that
"He who
overcomes, I will grant to him to sit down with Me on My throne,
as I also overcame and sat down with My Father on His throne."
(Rev 3:21-note)
Overcomers are not some select
group of saints for John teaches us that...
whatever is
born of God overcomes
the world; and this is the victory that has overcome the world-- our
faith. And who is the one who overcomes the world, but he who believes
that Jesus is the Son of God? (1John 5:4, 5)
The apostle John describes the
future events in heaven in which the Lamb Who was slain received
the sealed scroll (probably the "title deed" to
the earth) from the Father prompting those who witnessed this event to
sing a new song saying which includes a promise describing where
saints will reign...
"Worthy art Thou to take the book, and to break its seals; for Thou wast
slain, and didst purchase (our Kinsman Redeemer paid the purchase price
in full when He shed His precious blood like a lamb) for God with Thy
blood men from every tribe and tongue and people and nation. And Thou
hast made them to be a kingdom ("kings" KJV) and priests to our
God; and they will reign upon the earth." (Rev 5:9-note,
Rev 5:10-note)
John describing the glorious Millennial kingdom of Christ on
the earth (with the present curse removed, eg see Isa 11:6, 7, 8ff) writes
"And I saw thrones, and they sat upon them, and judgment was given to
them (in 1Cor 6:2, 3 Paul asks "do you not know that the saints will
judge the world? And if the world is judged by you, are you not
competent to constitute the smallest law courts? Do you not know that we
shall judge angels? How much more, matters of this life?"). And I saw the souls of those who had been beheaded because of the
testimony of Jesus and because of the word of God (during the great
tribulation, e.g. see Rev 7:14-note), and those who had
not worshiped the beast or his image, and had not received the mark upon
their forehead and upon their hand; and they came to life (i.e., were
resurrected) and reigned with Christ for 1000 years ("Millennium"). The rest of the dead
(all those of all the ages who are still dead in their trespasses and
sins) did not come to life until the 1000 years were completed
(at the Great White Throne judgment where only spiritually dead will
stand for sentencing to the Lake of fire). This is
the first resurrection (this reference is not to "the dead" but to those
beheaded who were resurrected and includes all believers of all ages who
were resurrected at different "stages" of the "first resurrection,
"but each in his own order: Christ the first fruits, after that those
who are Christ's at His coming," 1Cor 15:23). Blessed and holy is the one who has a part in
the first resurrection; over these the second death has no power
(thus this resurrection includes all believers for over them the 2nd
death has no power), but they will be priests of God and of Christ and
will reign with Him for a 1000 years." (Re
20:4-note
Re 20:5-note,
Re 20:6-note)
John describing the time of
the New Heaven and New Earth (the "age" that follows the
Messianic Age or the 1000 year
reign of Christ on earth) declares that...
there shall no longer be any night; and they shall not have need of the
light of a lamp nor the light of the sun, because the Lord God shall
illumine them; and they shall reign forever and ever. (Rev 22:5-note)
The other side of that truth is that
those who do not endure give
evidence that they do not belong to Christ and will not
reign with Him.
Paul writes that we are
"heirs of God and fellow heirs with Christ,
if indeed we suffer with Him in order that we may also be glorified with
Him." (Ro 8:17-note).
In his devotional "Morning and
Evening" Spurgeon writes...
“If we suffer, we shall also reign
with him.” 2 Timothy 2:12 We must not imagine that we are suffering
for Christ, and with Christ, if we are not in Christ. Beloved friend,
are you trusting to Jesus only? If not, whatever you may have to mourn
over on earth, you are not “suffering with Christ,” and have no hope of
reigning with him in heaven. Neither are we to conclude that all a
Christian’s sufferings are sufferings with Christ, for it is essential
that he be called by God to suffer. If we are rash and imprudent, and
run into positions for which neither providence nor grace has fitted us,
we ought to question whether we are not rather sinning than communing
with Jesus. If we let passion take the place of judgment, and self-will
reign instead of Scriptural authority, we shall fight the Lord’s battles
with the devil’s weapons, and if we cut our own fingers we must not be
surprised. Again, in troubles which come upon us as the result of sin,
we must not dream that we are suffering with Christ. When Miriam spoke
evil of Moses, and the leprosy polluted her, she was not suffering for
God. Moreover, suffering which God accepts must have God’s glory as its
end. If I suffer that I may earn a name, or win applause, I shall get no
other reward than that of the Pharisee. It is requisite also that love
to Jesus, and love to his elect, be ever the mainspring of all our
patience. We must manifest the Spirit of Christ in meekness, gentleness,
and forgiveness. Let us search and see if we truly suffer with Jesus.
And if we do thus suffer, what is our “light affliction” compared with
reigning with him? Oh it is so blessed to be in the furnace with Christ,
and such an honour to stand in the pillory with him, that if there were
no future reward, we might count ourselves happy in present honour; but
when the recompense is so eternal, so infinitely more than we had any
right to expect, shall we not take up the cross with alacrity, and go on
our way rejoicing?
IF WE DENY HIM HE WILL ALSO DENY US: ei arnesometha (1PFMI) kakeinos arnesetai (2SFMI) hemas:
(Pr 30:9; Mt 10:33; 26:35,75; Mk 8:38; Mt 10:33; Lk 9:26; 12:9; 1Jn
2:22; 1Jn 2:23; Jude 1:4; Rev 2:13; 3:8)
It is interesting that the
NIV translators choose "disown" instead of "deny":
."If we disown him, he will
also disown us"
Edwards comments on...
"why NIV changed the familiar "deny"
to "disown." The reason is that "deny" means primarily "to
declare untrue; assert the contrary of, contradict," whereas "disown"
means "to refuse to acknowledge or accept as one's own" (American
Heritage Dictionary). Thus, "disown" was more accurate when
applied to persons as its object." (2Timothy Call to Completion).
Disown
is a strong word that leaves little doubt as to the intention of the NIV
translators. Webster defines "disown"
as
"to refuse to acknowledge as one’s own, to repudiate any connection or
identification with" (Merriam-Webster's Collegiate Dictionary)
The Amplified version
renders this verse quite graphically...
"If we deny and disown and
reject Him, He will also deny and disown and reject us."
Note that the "If" (ei) means "If, as is the case, we are denying Him..."
(see the following note)
In other words this is a true statement - some were denying Him
even in
this letter to Timothy...
"You are aware of the fact that all
who are in Asia turned away from me, among whom are Phygelus and
Hermogenes." (2Ti 1:15-note)
"their talk will spread like
gangrene. Among them are Hymenaeus and Philetus, men who have gone
astray from the truth saying that the resurrection has already taken
place, and thus they upset the faith of some." (2Ti 2:17, 18-note)
holding to a form of godliness,
although they have denied its power; and avoid such men as these"
(2Ti 3:5-note)
And just as Jannes and Jambres
opposed Moses, so these men also oppose the truth, men of depraved mind,
rejected as regards the faith." (2Ti 3:8-note)
For the time will come when they
will not endure sound doctrine; but wanting to have their ears tickled,
they will accumulate for themselves teachers in accordance to their own
desires; and will turn away their ears from the truth, and will turn
aside to myths." (2Ti 4:3, 4-note)
Demas, having loved this present
world, has deserted me and gone to Thessalonica; Crescens has gone to
Galatia, Titus to Dalmatia." (2Ti 4:10-note)
At my first defense no one supported
me, but all deserted me; may it not be counted against them."
(2Ti 4:16-note)
Now the question one might
raise about all these "denials" in 2 Timothy is whether they were
of the "Petrine type" (transient) or the "Judas type" unto
perdition and frankly it is only God who knows the heart of each of
these individuals or groups. We don't have enough information on most of
them to make a reasoned assessment. Certainly some appear to be clearly
unbelievers, but we will leave that with God.
Wuest notes that...
"The “if” with “deny” and
“believe not” is ei, the particle of a fulfilled condition.
Some were denying Him and were unfaithful."
(Wuest,
K. S. Wuest's Word Studies from the Greek New Testament: Eerdmans
or
Logos
or
Wordsearch) (Bolding
added)
O Jesus, I have
promised To serve Thee to the end;
Be Thou forever near me, My Master and my Friend:
I shall not fear the battle If Thou art by my side,
Nor wander from the pathway If Thou wilt be my Guide.
(Click
hymn)
Deny (720)
(arneomai
[word study]
from a = negation + rheo = utter, speak or say)
literally means "to say no", to say one does not know
about or is in any way related to some person or some thing. Arneomai
means to refuse to
agree or consent to something, to disclaim connection with or
responsibility for, to say one does not know about or is in any way
related to a person or event. To deny carries idea of conscious,
purposeful action of one's will.
Arneomai - 33x in 30v -
Matt 10:33; 26:70, 72; Mark 14:68, 70; Luke 8:45; 9:23; 12:9; 22:57;
John 1:20; 13:38; 18:25, 27; Acts 3:13f; 4:16; 7:35; 1 Tim 5:8; 2 Tim
2:12f; 3:5; Titus 1:16; 2:12; Heb 11:24; 2 Pet 2:1; 1 John 2:22f; Jude
1:4; Rev 2:13; 3:8. NAS = denied(10), denies(5), deny(12),
denying(2), disowned(3), refused(1).
One can discern two "types of
denial" as exemplified in the following passages:
"TYPE 1"
A SETTLED
DENIAL
Paul described
some evil men in Crete who manifest denial by their deeds,
writing that they
profess (present
tense =
continually) to know God, but by their deeds (their actions
speak louder than their words) they deny (present
tense = habitually, continually disown and renounce) Him (by their
actions), being detestable (loathsome, root word means to "stink"!) and
disobedient, and worthless (unable to do anything that pleases God) for
any good deed. (Titus 1:16-note)
Jude warns
of a denial by one's lifestyle writing that
"certain persons have crept in
unnoticed (secretly, stealthily, subtly insinuating themselves), those
who were long beforehand marked out for this condemnation, ungodly
(corrupt in doctrine, depraved in conduct) persons who turn the grace of
our God into licentiousness (unrestrained vice, gross immorality) and
deny (present
tense = continually, habitually,
what what they say and how they live)
our only Master and Lord, Jesus Christ." (Jude 1:4, Jude 1:1, 2, 3)
Jesus seems to speak of a
denial by one's words declaring that...
"Everyone therefore who
shall confess Me before men, I will also confess him before My Father
who is in heaven. But whoever shall deny Me before men, I will
also deny him before My Father who is in heaven." (Mt 10:32, 33)
John ask rhetorically...
Who is the liar but the one who
denies
(present
tense) that
Jesus is the Christ? This is the antichrist, the one who
denies
(present
tense = continually, habitually,
what what they say and how they live)
the Father and the Son.
Whoever
denies
(present
tense) the
Son does not have the Father; the one who confesses
(present
tense)
the Son has the Father
also. (1Jn 2:22; 23)
"TYPE 2"
A TRANSIENT
DENIAL
Luke records the events
following Peter's
denial of His Lord...
And the Lord turned (being carried away by the Roman soldiers) and
looked at Peter. And Peter remembered the word of the Lord, how He had
told him, "Before a cock crows today, you will deny Me three times." And
he went out and wept bitterly (Note Peter's reaction to his denial). (Luke
22:61)
Matthew records that when Judas
who denied Jesus by his deeds more than his words
"saw that He had been condemned, he
felt remorse (regret but not repentance) and returned the thirty pieces
of silver to the chief priests and elders" (Mt 27:3)
Judas did not have a godly sorrow,
for as Paul explains...
"the sorrow that is according to the
will of God produces a repentance without regret, leading to salvation;
but the sorrow of the world produces death." (2Co 7:10)
Peter on the other hand did not
just have a deep emotional reaction but a heart change brought forth
fruit in keeping with his genuine repentance. Peter some 40 plus days
after his denial of Jesus was brought before the Jewish ruling council in Jerusalem
(Sanhedrin), was scourged (thrashing which resulted in the removal one's
skin) for teaching about Jesus and was ordered to speak no more in the
Name of Jesus. Luke records that in contrast to his previous "thrice
denial", he and the other believers...
"went on their way from the presence of the Council, rejoicing (Peter
and the others having been empowered by the Holy Spirit) that they had
been considered worthy to suffer shame for His Name. (Acts 5:41)
The point of these passages is
that there can be transient denial of Jesus or a settled denial of Jesus
in which one persistently rejects Jesus as Lord and Savior. Clearly, the
former circumstance represents a believer who is momentarily unfaithful
whereas the latter group represents those who refuse to believe in
Jesus. Which group is Paul referring to in this trustworthy statement
"if we deny Him, He will deny us"? There is considerable divergence of
opinion among the commentaries as discussed below. Take for example
Demas in 2Timothy 4:10. Was his desertion of Paul a momentary lapse or
an indication of an unregenerate heart? Frankly, I don't think one can
be absolutely dogmatic. Ultimately only God knows whether a man's denial
is like Peter's "thrice denial" or represents a settled state of mind
and heart. Paul's warning is that if one does exhibit a settled denial
of Christ, then Christ will certainly deny that individual.
Jesus plainly taught that...
Everyone therefore who
shall confess Me before men, I will also confess him before My Father
who is in heaven. But (note this strong contrast is clearly with
those who are genuinely saved and that there is no mention of
rewards in this context) whoever shall deny Me before men,
I will also deny him before My Father Who is in heaven. (Mt
10:32, 33)
In the interest of being "fair and
balanced", it should be noted that some commentators such as Warren
Wiersbe (who I highly respect) interpret the denial in this "trustworthy
statement" not as a denial which is
permanent but which is temporary. These writers are forced to interpret
the denial by Christ not as a denial that He knows them
(so that they are not believers) but as a denial of rewards at
the Judgment Seat of Christ. Thus they will not receive the rewards they
would have had they not denied Him.
This latter interpretation is "weak" because the statement specifically
declares "He will deny us" not "He will deny us rewards" (see the
following excellent technical note from the Net Bible). The plain
reading of the "trustworthy statement" therefore
favors the interpretation of the denial by Christ as not being a denial of rewards but of the
individuals themselves. The result of this denial is eternal separation
from God and the Lord Jesus Christ.
The NET Bible Note
addresses the above interpretation writing that deny can be
translated...
renounce, disown, repudiate. It
is important to note that the object of Christ’s denial is “us.”
The text does not contain an implied object complement (“he will
deny us [x]”),
which would mean that Christ was withholding something from us (for
example, “The owner denied his pets water”) (Ed note: e.g. the
text does not say He will "deny us [rewards]"), since the verb arneomai
is not one of the category of verbs that normally occurs in these
constructions (see Greek Grammar Beyond the Basics: An Exegetical Syntax
of the New Testament. 182–8 9)." (The NET Bible Notes Biblical
Studies Press) (Bolding added)
Marvin Vincent, author of the
respected "Word Studies in the NT" which emphasizes the original
Greek text writes that...
Him (the object of the
first deny) must be supplied. (Vincent then goes on to
declare that...) The meaning of the last clause is, will not
acknowledge us as His own. (2 Timothy 2: Greek Word Studies).
The IVP Bible Background
Commentary concludes that...
The faithfulness of God to His
covenant is not suspended by the breach of that covenant by the
unfaithful; but those individuals who break his covenant (Ed note:
I think more accurately those who never entered into the New Covenant,
for once truly united in Covenant with Christ they can never be lost)
are not saved (Keener,
Craig: The IVP Bible Background Commentary: New Testament. 1994. IVP
or
Wordsearch)
The IVP New Testament
Commentary note writes that Paul's...
tone changes dramatically in the
last two lines of verse 12: if we disown him, he will also disown us.
This warning has the treachery of apostasy in view. Both the we
and the us, as well as the language of denial (1Ti 5:8; 2Ti
3:5; Titus 1:16), show that Paul is thinking of rejection of the faith
by those who profess it. Not only actual false teaching but also a
rejection of the call to endure give evidence of a decision to deny
Christ. Jesus’ own words may lie behind this warning: “whoever disowns
me before men, I will disown him before my Father in heaven” (Mt 10:33).
In that context too faithfulness includes a willingness to suffer,
struggle and die. Rejection by Christ means exclusion from eternal
life. (Towner, P. 1-2 Timothy & Titus: The IVP New Testament
Commentary Series. Downers Grove: InterVarsity) (Bolding added)
John MacArthur writes that this
denial
Speaks of a final, permanent denial, such as that of an apostate, not
the temporary failure of a true believer like Peter (Mt 26:72).
Those who so deny Christ give evidence that they never truly belonged to
Him (1Jn2:19) and face the fearful reality of one day being denied by
Him (Mt10:33)."
(MacArthur,
J.: The MacArthur Study Bible Nashville: Word
or
Logos) (Bolding added)
In his commentary on 2 Timothy,
MacArthur adds that...
The Greek verb rendered deny
is in the future tense, and the clause is therefore more clearly
rendered, “If we ever deny Him” or “If in the future we deny Him.”
It looks at some confrontation that makes the cost of confessing Christ
very high and thereby tests one’s true faith. A person who fails to
endure and hold onto his confession of Christ will deny Him, because he
never belonged to Christ at all." (MacArthur, J. 2 Timothy. Chicago,
Ill.: Moody Press)
J Vernon McGee comments that
Christ's denial of us
"is very strong language. It reveals, however,
that Paul believes that faith without works is dead (Js2:17 " Even so
faith, if it has no works, is dead, being by itself."). You see, Paul
and James never contradict each other. James is talking about the works
of faith, and Paul is saying that genuine faith will produce works.
Calvin put it like this:
“Faith alone saves, but the faith that saves is not alone."
(McGee,
J V: Thru the Bible Commentary: Thomas Nelson
or
Logos
or
Wordsearch)
Charles Ryrie agrees writing that...
Those who deny are
professing (Ed note: profess = declare in words or appearances
only) people who will in turn be disowned by Him (Mt
10:33; 2Jn 1:9)."
(The
Ryrie Study Bible: New American Standard Translation: 1995. Moody
Publishers
or
Wordsearch)
(Bolding added)
Albert Barnes (referring to
his related comment on Jesus' denial in Mt 10:33) writes...
We must be ashamed neither of the
person, the character, the doctrines, nor the requirements of Christ. If
we are; if we deny him in these things before people; if we are
unwilling to express our attachment to him in every way possible, then
it is RIGHT that he should "disown all connection with us," or deny us
before God, and he WILL do it. (Barnes, A: Notes on the NT)
Expositor's Bible Commentary
adds that...
The third proposition is negative:
"If we disown him" (aorist tense, arnesometha), "he will also disown
us." This is a serious
warning.
We cannot reject Christ without being rejected ourselves.
(Gaebelein,
F, Editor: Expositor's Bible Commentary 6-Volume New Testament.
Zondervan Publishing or
computer version) (Bolding and
color added)
Hendriksen writes that
When a
person, because of unwillingness to suffer hardship for the sake of
Christ and his cause, disowns the Lord (“I do not know the man!”),
then, unless he repents (as Peter did after his denial), he will
be disowned by the Lord in the great day of judgment (“I do not
know you”)."
(Hendriksen,
W., & Kistemaker, S. J. NT Commentary Set. Baker Book
or
Logos
or
Wordsearch) (Bolding added)
William MacDonald feel
that...
Those who deny Christ will be denied
by Him. Here the thought is not of a temporary denial of the Savior
under duress, as in the case of Peter, but a permanent, habitual denial
of Him. These words describe an unbeliever—one who has
never embraced the Lord Jesus by faith. All such will be denied by the Lord in a
coming day, no matter how pious their profession might have been.
(MacDonald,
W & Farstad, A. Believer's Bible Commentary: Thomas Nelson or
Logos) (Bolding added)
The Bible Knowledge Commentary
agrees that the denial referred to here
speaks of the possibility of
apostasy and the Lord’s ultimate rejection of those who professed
Christ only temporarily. Instead of identifying
with Christ, the apostate finally dissociates himself with Christ.
(Walvoord,
J. F., Zuck, R. B., et al: The Bible Knowledge Commentary. 1985. Victor
or
Logos
or
Wordsearch) (Bolding added)
To reiterate Paul is not saying a
momentary or transient denial
of Christ indicates one is not a believer and will be denied by
Christ. What Paul is describing is a
settled, final denial that does not repent and thereby
gives amply evidence of that individual's unregenerate heart. Note that Paul is not
teaching that you can be genuinely saved and then lose your salvation. Scripture repeatedly
underscores the eternal security of the one who is genuinely born from above
by the regenerating work of the Spirit. This passage however should be a
strong warning to those who have given a "mouth profession" ("mental
assent") that they belief but who do not have a "heart possession" of
Christ, and who demonstrate their unregenerate heart by their persistent
denial of Christ be it through their attitude, their words, their
actions or their overall lifestyle.
Bob Deffinbaugh writing
about 2Ti 2:11-13 agrees that ...
These verses are somewhat problematic
to the reader, because they may appear to contradict other Scriptures. I
am speaking particularly of the second half of verse 12, which reads,
“If we deny him, he will also deny us.” Does this mean that a Christian
can lose his or her salvation? Too many verses tell us that this cannot
be the case. (See, for example, John 10:27, 28, 29; Romans 8:28-39) (Ed
comment: And I wholeheartedly agree that a genuine believer cannot
under any circumstances lose their salvation!) What, then, is this verse
saying? (My friend, Hampton Keathley IV, has proposed another possible
solution, by appealing to the chiastic structure of this poem:
If We Deny Him, He Also Will Deny Us))
I understand this poem or hymn to have two main parts, which should be
divided in this way:
Part I: Reassurance for Saints:
If we died with him, we will also
live with him.
If we endure, we will also reign with him (2Ti 2:11b-2Ti 2:12a).
Part II: Warning for Unbelievers:
If we deny him, he will also deny us.
13 If we are unfaithful, he remains
faithful, since he cannot deny himself (2Ti 2:12b-2Ti 2:13).
All believers have died with Christ,
and they have also been raised to new life in Him (Ro 6:1-11). Thus,
those who have died with Christ have the assurance that they will also
live with Him. This assumes the perseverance of the saints, which is
reinforced by verse 12a: “If we endure, we will also reign with him.”
Christians are those who have died and risen from the dead in Christ,
and because they are Christians they will endure. Even in times of
suffering this gives us the assurance that we will also reign with Him
when He returns to establish His kingdom. (See also Romans 8:18-25)
The second half of the hymn turns to a word of warning for all those who
are not true believers. If someone denies Him, our Lord will deny
them (verse 12b, emphasis mine):
8 “I tell you, whoever acknowledges
me before men, the Son of Man will also acknowledge before God’s angels.
9 But the one who denies me before men will be denied before God’s
angels” (Luke 12:8, 9, emphasis mine [Ed: Bob Deffinbaugh's emphasis]).
The term “denies,” found in
Luke 12:9, employs the same verb that Paul uses in 2Timothy 2:12b. The
one who “denies” Christ is the one who does not believe.
In my opinion, verse 13 is where we are tempted to get confused. We read
this verse in the following manner:
If we, as Christians, are not
faithful to God (at some point in our lives),
God remains faithful to us, because He cannot deny Himself.
The term which is rendered “unfaithful”
in 2:13 is found 8 times in the New Testament.424 The term is used to
describe the disciples “unbelief” with reference to our Lord’s
resurrection (Mark 16:11; Luke 24:11, 41). In the other texts, excluding
2Timothy 2:13, the term is used to depict the unbelief of the lost:
The one who believes and is baptized
will be saved, but the one who does not believe will be
condemned (Mark 16:16, emphasis mine [Ed: Bob Deffinbaugh's emphasis]).
Some were convinced by what he said, but others refused to believe
(Acts 28:24, emphasis mine).
7 So you who believe see his value,
but for those who do not believe, the stone that the
builders rejected has become the cornerstone (1Peter 2:7,
emphasis mine).
The meaning in all cases is unbelief
(whether in Christ as Savior, or in Christ’s resurrection); the term is
never used of unfaithfulness, or of a lapse in faith (as we see, for
example, in our Lord’s disciples). The last half of verse 12 and verse
13 refer to the same people – unbelievers.
I believe that the point of Paul’s words in verse 13 is clearly conveyed
in another Pauline passage:
3 What then? If some did not
believe, does their unbelief nullify the
faithfulness of God? 4 Absolutely not! Let God be proven true, and all
mankind shown up as liars, just as it is written: “so that you
will be justified in your words and will prevail when you are judged”
(Romans 3:3, 4, emphasis mine).
In the context in Romans, Paul has
just shown that the Jews failed to live up to the law that they
professed to esteem and uphold (Romans 2:17-29). The question he raises
is this: “If the Jews have refused to believe in Jesus as the Messiah,
does this mean that God’s promises are null and void?” “Does Israel’s
lack of faith undermine and nullify the faithfulness of God?” Paul’s
answer is very clear. “No!” Israel’s unbelief does not, in any way,
undermine God’s covenant promises, or His faithfulness to these
promises. God will show Himself true, even if all men prove to be liars
(which they are). This is precisely the point Paul is making in 2Timothy
2:13. Men who deny the Savior will be denied by the Savior; they won’t
get into heaven. Put differently, even though men don’t believe in Him,
God will still remain faithful to Himself, and to His promises (and
these promises include the threat of eternal torment, as well as His
promises of blessing).
I believe that this way of interpreting this hymn is consistent with the
overall message of 2 Timothy. On the one hand Paul encourages his
“spiritual son” Timothy to endure in his (true) faith. On the other hand
Paul warns of the condemnation of those false teachers who may very well
be outside the faith (see, for example, 2Timothy 2:23, 24, 25). One
might not be certain whether such folks are saved or not, which explains
why Paul would say,
However, God’s solid foundation
remains standing, bearing this seal: “The Lord knows those who are
his,” and “Everyone who confesses the name of the Lord must turn
away from evil” (2Timothy 2:19).
Let me make one last comment about
the hymn Paul cites in 2Ti 2:11-13. The essence of this hymn is to
stress the outcome of one’s faith or unbelief. Those who are saved and
who endure in their faith (as Paul has exhorted Timothy to do) are
assured of eternal life and a place of honor and authority in His
kingdom (2Ti 2:11-12a). Unbelievers who deny the Savior are assured of
rejection; they will have no part in the kingdom (2Ti 2:12b-13). These
two destinies take place after the resurrection of the dead, the very
thing the false teachers seek to deny in one way or another (see
1Corinthians 15:12; 2Timothy 2:18). (2
Timothy Perseverance in Difficult Days)
D. Edmond Hiebert
commenting on the phrase "deny...deny" writes that
"By contrast, the second pair
("deny...deny") asserts the solemn warning that denial and
unfaithfulness just as surely separate men from Christ. "If we deny him"
points to an awful
possibility.
Jesus Himself emphatically warned of the danger (Mt 10:33 "But whoever
shall deny Me before men, I will also deny him before My
Father who is in heaven"; Mark
8:38 "For whoever is ashamed of Me and My words in this
adulterous and sinful generation, the Son of Man will also be ashamed
of him when He comes in the glory of His Father with the holy angels."). To close our eyes to
this warning would be folly.
William Kelly comments:
"There was danger in a day of
declension particularly of departure not only from this or that divine
principle but from Himself, and this permanently. Nor does the apostle
bolster up the saints in what is the most dangerous delusion, that there
is no danger. For dangers abound on all sides; and we ought to know that
grievous times were to come in the last times."
To "deny him" here does not point
merely to a temporary weakness of faith, as in the case of Peter
(Luke 22:54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62), but as the conclusion shows, means to deny our relation
with Him as a permanent fact. The inevitable result is that "he also
will deny us."
The warning is repeated in the final sentence, "if we are faithless, he
abideth faithful." To be "faithless" means to give up one's faith and
the present tense denotes this as the habitual attitude, not a temporary
lapse or obscuration (concealing) of faith. But in contrast to human
faithlessness, "he abideth faithful," faithful to His warning that the
unbelieving will be rejected.
"Christ will never depart from that
solemn word, which pledges Him, at the last day, to own those who have
owned Him, and to deny those who have denied Him" (Harvey).
His unchanging faithfulness arises
out of the fact of His immutable nature. This is confirmed by the
concluding statement which amplifies all of the preceding statements and
forms the capstone for the whole. "For he cannot deny himself." As the
unchanging Jehovah whose very nature is truth, He cannot be false to His
own nature, nor to His word of promise to the faithful and His word of
threatening to the faithless." (Second
Timothy Everyman's Bible Commentary).(Logos
computer version)
While the consensus of
conservative commentaries interpret "if we deny Him" as indicative of an
unbeliever, not everyone agrees. Dr Thomas Constable is one such
writer who concludes that this a
warning and goes on to explain that...
If the believer departs from
following Christ faithfully during his or her life (i.e., apostatizes),
Christ will deny him or her at the judgment seat of Christ (Mt 10:33;
Mk 8:38; Lk 12:9; cf. Lk 19:22; Mt. 22:13). The unfaithful
believer will not lose his salvation (1Jn 5:13) or all of his reward
(1Pe 1:4), but he will lose some of his reward (1Co 3:12, 13, 14, 15; cf.
Lk 19:24, 25, 26). To deny Christ clearly does not mean to deny Him only
once or twice (cf. Luke 22:54-62) but to deny Him
permanently since the other three human conditions in the couplets
are permanent. (2 Timothy Expository Notes) (Bolding added)
Dr Thomas Constable seems
to be implying that even
those who deny Christ permanently are not unbelievers but at
worst "apostatized" believers! To deny Christ permanently
however hardly seems to be in agreement with Romans 10:9, 10. Although this website does quote
Dr Constable, the discerning reader will note that he has
frequent comments of this type in dealing with issues of genuine
salvation and the evidence of such, so due caution is recommended when
consulting his commentary. In other words (and this admonition applies
even to the words you are currently reading) continually be a Berean
(see Acts 17:11-note).
On the other hand, in fairness to Dr Constable's viewpoint, it should be
noted that other writers agree with his interpretation that Paul is
referring to eternal rewards and not eternal life (E.g., see
article by Keathley --
If We Deny Him, He Also Will Deny Us)
John gives us an example of those who initially claimed to believe and
accept Christ but who later
denied Him when the cost became too high. John writes that
because many of the things the Lord Jesus had taught in the preceding
verses proved so distasteful "many of His disciples withdrew, and
were not walking with Him anymore." (Jn 6:66) John's language
indicates that the abandonment was decisive and final. In
other words, many of the Jews who had previously followed Him, now left
Him and were no longer willing to associate with Him. These "disciples"
were never true "disciples" or genuine believers. They followed the Lord
for various reasons, but not out of genuine love for Him or acceptance
of Who He was. (See also John 8:31, 32 and notice these were Jews who
had "believed" Jesus. Read the subsequent interchange between these
"believing" Jews and Jesus in Jn 8:33-57 and note their final
interchange with Him in Jn 8:58, 59! Had the Jews in Jn 8:31 experienced
genuine salvation? What do you think? What does the text and Jesus
Himself teach? cf Jesus' characterization of them in Jn 8:44 for
example!)
Life Application Bible
Commentary writes that "deny...deny"...
reveals that commitment to Christ
must be total, no turning back; to disown results in being disowned. The
Greek tense in the phrase “if we disown” is future. These words provided
a solemn warning; but to deny Christ was unthinkable to the early
Christians, even in the face of mounting persecution. True believers
might be faithless and weak at times; they might falter when giving a
testimony, but they would never disown their Lord. While the word
deny
has been used in place of “disown” (NRSV, NKJV), the meaning here
implies deliberate refusal of Jesus as Lord. Jesus had already
issued the warning:
“Whoever acknowledges me before men, I will also
acknowledge him before my Father in heaven. But whoever disowns me
before men, I will disown him before my Father in heaven” (Matthew
10:32, 33NIV).
The writer of Hebrews assured the
faithful believers that
we are not among those who shrink
back and so are lost, but among those who have faith and so
are saved. (Hebrews 10:39NRSV)."
(Barton,
B, et al: The NIV Life Application Commentary Series: Tyndale
or
Logos
or
Wordsearch)
(Bolding added)
The Geneva Study Bible
writes that here Paul gives...
A sober warning against apostasy
(abandonment of a previous loyalty, abandonment of one’s religious
faith, defection from the faith)
The Nelson study Bible
comments that "deny us" is...
A warning against apostasy. Jesus
will not save those who shrink from identifying with Him or
from serving Him on this earth.
(Radmacher,
E. D., Allen, R. B., & House, H. W. The Nelson Study Bible: NKJV.
Nashville: Thomas Nelson) (Bolding
added)
Matthew Poole writes
that...
...if we, upon prospect of danger,
deny His truth, or desert the profession of Him, He in the day of
judgment will not own us before His Father and the holy angels. (Matthew
Poole's Commentary on the New Testament)
The KJV Bible Commentary
has an interesting note that...
the Greek verb here is future, “if
we shall deny him.” Two things to remember here. First, Peter denied
Christ three times, even though he was saved, but his reaction was
conviction and contrition (Luke 22:61 records "And the Lord turned and
looked at Peter. And Peter remembered the word of the Lord, how He had
told him, "Before a cock crows today, you will deny Me three times. And
he went out and wept bitterly."). Secondly, 1Jn 2:19 tells of those
who
went out from us, but they were not
of us; for if they had been of us, they would no doubt have continued
with us: but they went out, that they might be made manifest that they
were not all of us.
These were apostate. It must
be remembered man only sees the outward, God sees the heart (1Sa
16:7)."
(Dobson,
E G, Charles Feinberg, E Hindson, Woodrow Kroll, H L. Wilmington: KJV
Bible Commentary: Nelson
or
Logos) (Bolding added)
In a similar vein Jon Courson
comments that...
“I never knew the man,” Peter cursed
vehemently (Mt 26:74). Yet after His Resurrection, Jesus found
Peter personally and ministered to him tenderly (John 21:16 "He said to
him again a second time, "Simon, son of John, do you love Me?" He said^
to Him, "Yes, Lord; You know that I love You." He said to him,
"Shepherd My sheep."). Thus, this
verse doesn’t refer to those who stumble like Peter, but to those who
decide repeatedly that they want nothing to do with Jesus."
(Courson,
J: Jon Courson's Application Commentary: NT. Nelson. 2004
or
Logos) (Bolding added)
So although not every commentator
agrees, the consensus seems to be that Paul's thought in this verse is not of a temporary denial of the Savior under duress,
as in the case of Peter, but a permanent, habitual denial of Him. These
words describe an unbeliever—one who has never embraced the Lord Jesus
by faith. All such will be denied by the Lord in a coming day, no matter
how pious their profession might have been. Those who interpret this
first "deny" as reflective of a "backslidden" believer, are forced to
explain the denial by Christ as a denial of rewards for unfaithfulness.
Although certainly faithfulness will determine rewards, the text does
not make that statement. To "soften" the message in my opinion does
grave injustice to Paul's somber warning.
C H
Spurgeon exhorts us to
Be out-and-out for Him; unfurl your colors, never hide them, but nail
them to the mast, and say to all who ridicule the saints, “If you have
any ill words for the followers of Christ, pour them out upon me. . . .
but know this – ye shall hear it whether you like it or not - ‘I love
Christ.’ (The Secret of Love to God)