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Commentaries,
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Hebrews 3:16
For
who
provoked Him
when they had
heard?
Indeed, did not
all
those
who
came out of
Egypt led by
Moses?
(NASB:
Lockman) |
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Greek: tines gar
akousantes (AAPMPN) parepikranan (3PAAI) all ou pantes oi exelthontes
(AAPMPN) ex Aiguptou dia Mouseos
Amplified: For who were they who heard and yet were rebellious
and provoked [Him]? Was it not all those who came out of Egypt led by
Moses? (Amplified
Bible - Lockman)
KJV: For
some, when they had heard, did provoke: howbeit not all that came out
of Egypt by Moses.
17 But with whom was he grieved forty years? was it not with them that
had sinned, whose carcases fell in the wilderness?
18 And to whom sware he that they should not enter into his rest, but
to them that believed not?
19 So we see that they could not enter in because of unbelief.
NET: For which ones heard and rebelled? Was it not all who came
out of Egypt under Moses' leadership?
17 And against whom was God provoked for forty years? Was it not those
who sinned, whose dead bodies fell in the wilderness?
18 And to whom did he swear they would never enter into his rest,
except those who were disobedient?
19 So we see that they could not enter because of unbelief.
(NET
Bible)
NLT: And who was it who rebelled against God, even though they
heard his voice? Wasn’t it the people Moses led out of Egypt?
17 And who made God angry for forty years? Wasn’t it the people who
sinned, whose corpses lay in the wilderness?
18 And to whom was God speaking when he took an oath that they would
never enter his rest? Wasn’t it the people who disobeyed him?
19 So we see that because of their unbelief they were not able to
enter his rest. (NLT
- Tyndale House)
Phillips: For who was it who heard the Word of God and yet
provoked his indignation? Was is not all who were rescued from slavery
in Egypt under the leadership of Moses? And who was it with whom God
was displeased for forty long years? Was it not those who, after all
their hearing of God's Word, fell into sin, and left their bones in
the desert? And to whom did God swear that they should never enter his
rest? Was it not these very men who refused to trust him?
19 Yes, it is all too plain that it was refusal to trust God that
prevented these men from entering his rest. (Phillips:
Touchstone)
Wuest: For who, having heard, rebelled? But was it not
all who came out of Egypt through the aid of Moses? But with whom was
He, angry forty years? Was it not with those who sinned, whose dead
bodies fell in the wilderness? And to whom did He swear that they
should not enter into His rest but to those who were nonpersuasible?
So we see that they were not able to enter because of unbelief. (Eerdmans)
Young's Literal: For who provoked Him when they had
heard? Indeed, did not all those who came out of Egypt led by Moses? |
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FOR WHO PROVOKED HIM WHEN THEY HEARD: tines gar akousantes (AAPMPN) parepikranan (3PAAI)
tines gar akousantes (AAPMPN) parepikranan:
(9,10;
Numbers 14:2,4;
26:65;
Psalms 78:17)
The children of Israel provoked God to bitterness
and anger, exasperating God
Who had graciously promised them the land of milk and honey. Without faith it
is IMPOSSIBLE to please Him...by faith men of old gained approval.
might better be translated as: “For who after they heard, did embitter
(God)? Yea, did not all who came out of Egypt through Moses?”
The use of the
aorist participle puts the emphasis on the nature of the action, rather than
an idea involving continuation or a single act.
INDEED, DID NOT ALL THOSE WHO CAME OUT OF EGYPT LED BY MOSES:all ou pantes oi exelthontes (AAPMPN)
ex Aiguptou dia Mouseos:
(Numbers
14:24,30,38;
Deuteronomy 1:36,38;
Joshua 14:7-11;
Romans 11:4,5)
What a great start...but the writer is saying it's not how you
start but how you finish so hold fast...until the end of the wilderness
journey. Be careful not to misinterpret this statement. He is not
saying your holding fast will save you. That would be a salvation of works
or a salvation of faith plus works, neither of which is every taught in
Scripture. But he is saying that if you are saved, you will hold fast
because you have a power within you to enable you to hold fast. You could
not so it on your own. You could not save yourself on your own and you
cannot keep yourself saved in your own power. How often we believers try
this latter approach, only to find that temptation and/or sin simply
overwhelms us. When we believed, we were sealed with the Spirit, Who had
been promised. The seal is a mark of ownership, of authenticity and of
protection. God will not "unseal" those who have been sealed. (See notes
on
Ephesians 1:14) |
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Hebrews 3:17
And
with
whom was He
angry for forty
years? Was it
not with
those
who
sinned,
whose
bodies
fell in the
wilderness?
(NASB:
Lockman) |
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Greek: tisin de
prosochthisen (3SAAI) tesserakonta ete ouchi tois hamartesasin (AAPMPD)
on ta kola epesen (3SAAI) en te eremo
Amplified: And with whom was He irritated and provoked and
grieved for forty years? Was it not with those who sinned, whose
dismembered bodies were strewn and left in the desert? (Amplified
Bible - Lockman)
KJV: But
with whom was he grieved forty years? was it not with them that had
sinned, whose carcases fell in the wilderness?
NET: And against whom was God provoked for forty years? Was it
not those who sinned, whose dead bodies fell in the wilderness?
(NET
Bible)
NLT: And who made God angry for forty years? Wasn’t it the
people who sinned, whose corpses lay in the wilderness? (NLT
- Tyndale House)
Phillips: And who was it with whom God was displeased for forty
long years? Was it not those who, after all their hearing of God's
Word, fell into sin, and left their bones in the desert? (Phillips:
Touchstone)
Wuest: But with whom was He, angry forty years? Was it
not with those who sinned, whose dead bodies fell in the wilderness? (Eerdmans)
Young's Literal: with whom was He angry for forty years? Was it
not with those who sinned, whose bodies fell in the wilderness? |
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AND WITH WHOM WAS HE ANGRY FOR FORTY YEARS?: tisin de prosochthisen
(3SAAI) tesserakonta ete:
(Anger
of God, The)
Four different terms are employed to drive the point of rebellion home: “all
those” (v16), “sinned” (v17), “disobedient” (v18), and “unbelief” (v19).
Was...angry (prosochthizo
from pros = toward or with + ochtheô = be sorely vexed; feel indignant at;
loathe; spew out; be disgusted with; extreme anger and disgust) is
expressive of a strong displeasure, amounting to offence. God was offended
at the actions of Israel.
Grieved in KJV does not
adequately express the righteous anger of God intimated in the passage and
fails to accurately reflect the extreme anger and disgust of God.
What does the "40 years" refer to?
Nu 13:25ff: The spies into Canaan had begun to look at their circumstances
and
taken their focus off what God has promised. When they took their eyes off
of God, fear began to enter in. They so provoked God that they were denied
the very thing that they had wanted. So Israel's "rest" was a land but they
were refused entry to Canaan bc they failed to believe God. Failure to
Believe is not ignorance but stubbornness as they refused to obey God and thus
they were refused rest.
WAS IT NOT WITH THOSE WHO SINNED, WHOSE BODIES FELL IN THE WILDERNESS:
ouchi tois hamartesasin (AAPMPD) on ta kola epesen (3SAAI) en te eremo:
(Numbers
26:64,65;
1 Corinthians 10:1-13)
(Numbers
14:22,29,32,33;
Deuteronomy
2:15,16;
Jeremiah 9:22;
Jude 1:5) Having
missed the mark when they swerved from the truth that God had promised them
entry and victory in the land. They refused to belief and unbelief is
disobedience and disobedience is sin.
Bodies - carcasses. [Ro 6:23,Eph 2:1] members of the body like
feet, in LXX = dead body [Nu 14:29] (your corpses shall fall in this
wilderness). Also Nu 14:32,33.
The reader will die in his sins if he fails to put his faith in Messiah as
High Priest (and bring forth fruit in keeping w repentance (Mt3:8), just as
the wilderness wanderers died a physical death because of unbelief
Fell - Those bodies fell at the rate of about 90 corpses/day. When used to
describe a building this verb paints the pix of an edifice that has fallen
into ruin!
Wilderness (eremos) is desolate, deserted, lonely spot.
The writer
is alluding to Nu 14:29,32,33. Paul speaks of the same thing in 1Cor 10:5 where
the literal translation of the Greek gives us the picture of this tragic
event, “They were strewn down along in the wilderness.” |
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